Acid-resisting alloy



Patented Nov. d, 1923.

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ALVAH W. CLEMENT, OF EAST CLEVELAND, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO THE CLEVELAND BRASS MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF OHIO.

No Drawing.

T all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALvAH W. CLEMENT, a citizen of the United States, residing at East Cleveland, inthe county of Cuyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Acid-Resisting Alloys, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to an alloy which has inherently many valuable properties,

notable among which is its resistance to-corrosion by the action of acids, acid fumes either dry or wet, as well as hot dilute acid, which as is well known, is one of the most diflicult of corrosive substances to handle in a commercial way;

Its resistive propertyto the corrosive action of acids makes the alloy exceedingly useful in the manufacture of various articles and utensils which are necessary or useful in the handling of the acids in the various forms before mentioned, either in the 'manufacture of the acids, in processes which utilize acids in the performance thereof and therefore require suitable utensils and articles for the handling of the acid, or in containers or similar articles in which the acids in their various forms may be stored and from which they may be dispensed.

While I have menti0ned,as perhaps the most important property of the proposed alloy, its resistance to corrosion by acids, 1 do not limit myself in this particular, as, the

alloy is generally resistant to other corro sivo substances as for instance caustic soda; furthermore there are other properties inherent in the alloy which permit of its being put to other uses which are quite as important in the arts such for instance as electric resistance material.

The proposed alloy consists of nickel, co-

balt, chromium, iron, molybdenum, manganese and carbon. The proportions in which the above mentioned elements may be combined, will depend upon the particular corrosive substance to which it is desired that the alloy be resistant. Where the alloy is to be used in the fabrication of articles designed to be utilized in the handling of hydrochloric acid in its various forms, that is to say, either hot or cold, or concentrated or dilute; also in the handling of sulphuric acid in its various forms and in the handling of either of the before mentioned acids in gaseous form, ll may utilize nickel,

Application filed December 17, 1917. Serial No. 207,426.

cobalt, chromium, iron, molybdenum and manganese as the metallic portions of the alloy with a certain amount of carbon which appears in the final alloy in its combined or carbide state.

As before stated, varying proportions of the various elements mentioned may be utilized in accordance with the particular degree of resistance which may be desired, and I will state the following as an example of an alloy found to give very satisfactory results;

per cent nickel, per cent cobalt, 15 per cent chromium, 8 per cent molybdenum, 2 per cent manganese, 1!; to 2 per cent carbon, balance iron.

In such an alloy the carbon will for the most part be found in the final alloy in its combined state, appearing as a carbide of iron, chromium and molybdenum. The manganese aids in securing the carbon in its combined form in the final alloy.

In order to insure that the carbon in the final alloy is in combined condition, ll may proceed in utilizing the alloy, by fabricating the desired'article from the alloy with-- mately a bright orange color and quenched.-

in cold water. This treatment will cause a very complete formation of the carbides of iron, chromium and molybdenum which will render the article made from the alloy exceedingly resistant to the action of sulphuric acid and hydrochloric acid in the various forms in which it may be handled.

The foregoing treatment of the article is but suggestive of the way in which articles may be formed so as to produce high carbide effects in the finished alloy, and I do not mean thereby to limit my invention to this particular manner of producing the carbides in the alloy.

The allo is readily castable and fills intricate mo ds without dificulty, and it has been found that structures in which the walls are comparatively thin are highly satisfactory for holding corrosive liquids even under high pressures.

The alloy has a high melting point in the neighborhood of 2200, is malleable and ductile when hot or cold, and is easily} electrical resistance considerably above copper and does not oxidize nor scale when heated by the passage of current through the same.

Having described my invention, what I claim is:

quantities andcombined to form approximately 65% and the chromium is approximately 15%, the balance consisting principally of iron together with an appreciable quantity of molybdenum but not greater than 10%.

3. An alloy containing principally nickel, cobalt, chromium and iron in which the nickel and, cobalt are both present in appreciable quantities and together with the chromium form more than 50% of the alloy, the chromium being approximately 15% and the balance principally iron, to etherwith an appreciable quantity of moly denum but not greater than 10 o.

4. An alloy containing principally nickel.

denum, substantially 2 cobalt, chromium and iron in which the nickel is approximately, 30%, the cobalt approximately the chromium approximately 15%, the balance consisting' prim cipally of iron,'togctlier with an appreciable uantity of molybdenum but not. greater t an 10%.v I p 5.' An alloy containing principally nickel, cobalt, chromium,'molybdenum and iron, in which the nickel and cobalt together form more than of the alloy, the chromium being present in an appreciable quantit but less than half the amount of the nicke and cobalt present and the molybdenum being present in appreciable quantity but less than 10%, the balance consisting principally of iron.

6. An alloydcontaining nickel, cobalt, chromium, moly enum and ironin which the combined nickel and cobalt form approximately 65%, the chromium approximately 15%, the molybdenum approximately 8%,

the remainder consisting principally of iron.

7. An alloy containing substantially 30 per cent of nickel, substantially 35 per cent of cobalt, substantially 15 per cent of chromium, substantially 8 per cent of molybper cent of mananese, substantially 1% to 2 per cent of carn, and the balance iron. In testimony whereof, I hereunto aflix my signature.

ALVAH w. CLEMENT. 

